propositional logic

As a belief/faith system, natural science assume 2 simples rules about knowledge:

• [knowledge is public] The same piece of knowledge should have the same truthfulness no matter where. The world is the same one public object that we all interact with. example of that: In the US or in Australia, the speed of light is 300,000,000 meter/sec, human as we knew it often have 1 heart, force applied to object cause acceleration in a linear manner(\(F = ma\)), and diamond as we knew it have the same physical structure.
• [knowledge can be deterministically expressed and observed] We should be able to give a definite “true or false” answer to every piece of knowledge, and we should be able to observe the phenomenon the knowledge describes in order to do that. for example: “water + jalapenos would cause explosion in 5 minutes” is false, as we could just test it by puting jalapenos into a glass of water, and wait for 5 minutes. On the contrary, “given enough(or rather, infinite time), water + jalapenos would eventually cause explosion” is rather not verifiable, as it would require infinite time. Even “the explosion would happen in 75 years” is testable, and I think there is at least one such experiment in motion.

In addition to those 2 on knowledge, natural science is usually used with basic logic (propositional logic) assumptions and reasoning systems.

• propositional logic
• modal logic
• latex for logic
• description logic